Conflict of legal principles in drug crimes by children: Analysis of judges' discretion in cumulative decisions

Rizky Wibowo; Nahar Surur; Lia Indah Khilmina

doi:10.55942/pssj.v5i8.646

Authors

Rizky Wibowo Universitas Selamat Sri
Nahar Surur Universitas Selamat Sri
Lia Indah Khilmina Universitas Selamat Sri

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55942/pssj.v5i8.646

Keywords:

Discretion, Cumulative Decisions, Narcotics, Child Protection

Abstract

This research analyzes the conflict of principles in juvenile criminal law, particularly in relation to the imposition of cumulative punishment on juveniles who commit narcotic offences. The paradigm of child protection in the Child Criminal Justice System Law (UU SPPA), which prioritizes restorative justice and the ultimum remedium principle, is confronted by the samenloop principle of the Criminal Code and the classification of drug offences as extraordinary crimes. Through a deductive approach, the discussion identifies inconsistencies in judicial practice. Findings from several case studies show that judges often use discretion to impose cumulative punishments, overriding the mandate of the SPPA Law to prioritize rehabilitation over retribution. This conflict indicates a misalignment between legal ideals and practical implementation, rooted in rigid legal interpretations and normative lacunae. Therefore, this research recommends fundamental solutions, namely, the affirmation of the lex specialis principle that places the SPPA Law above the general law, the reinterpretation of extraordinary crime as a call for extraordinary rehabilitation, and the strengthening of binding decision guidelines for judges (SEMA). Judges' discretion must be directed towards a philosophical understanding that true justice for children is an opportunity for recovery, not a punishment that robs them in their future. Thus, the integrity of the juvenile criminal justice system could be upheld.

Author Biographies

Rizky Wibowo, Universitas Selamat Sri

I pursued my undergraduate education at Raden Mas Said State Islamic University, majoring in Sharia Economic Law, and obtained my Master of Law Science degree from Sebelas Maret University, with a concentration in Sharia Economic Law. I am currently a lecturer at the Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universitas Selamat Sri. My main research expertise lies in Sharia Economic Law, criminal law, and judicial discretion.

Nahar Surur, Universitas Selamat Sri

I completed my undergraduate studies in Islamic Family Law at Raden Mas Said State Islamic University and obtained a Master of Sharia Science from Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University, specializing in Islamic Family Law. I am currently serving as Head of the Islamic Family Law Department, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universitas Selamat Sri. My main research interests are Islamic Family Law, judicial practices, and legal harmonization.

Lia Indah Khilmina, Universitas Selamat Sri

I completed my undergraduate education at Walisongo State Islamic University in Sharia Economic Law and pursued postgraduate education at Wahid Hasyim University, majoring in Sharia Economic Law. Currently, I am the Dean of the Faculty of Islamic Studies at Universitas Selamat Sri. My research expertise includes Sharia Economic Law, legal methodology, and policy-oriented Islamic law

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